Fungal Biofilms, Drug Resistance, and Recurrent Infection
Geplaatst: Ma 31 Aug 2015, 16:15
https://www.medicine.wisc.edu/sites/def ... _andes.pdf
2014
Jigar V. Desai, Aaron P. Mitchell and David R. Andes
"MULTISPECIES BIOFILMS
One of the most important environmental factors that can modulate fungal biofilm formation and its consequences is the presence of bacteria.
Clinical and experimental data underscore the significance of these interactions, as explained in several excellent recent reviews (Morales and
Hogan 2010; Peleg et al. 2010, 2012a; Harriott and Noverr 2011).
Some of the most dramatic results come from studies with C. albicans and Staphylococcus aureus: coinfection causes much greater mortality than single-species infection in a mouse model (Carlson 1982).
In addition, C. albicans enables S. aureus biofilm formation in serum and decreases its susceptibility to vancomycin
(Harriott and Noverr 2009).
These simple experiments underscore the need to understand polymicrobial interactions to guide diagnosis and therapy.
The distinct properties of mixed-species biofilms arise from both direct cell–cell contact and the impact of secreted molecules.
Among the best-characterized bacterial receptors on C. albicans is the surface adhesin Als3. Jenkinson and colleagues used heterologous expression
to show that Als3 and Eap1 are sufficient to promote binding to the oral bacterium Streptococcus gordonii (Nobbs et al. 2010).
Remarkably,
Als3 is also responsible for C. albicans binding to S. aureus (Peters et al. 2012b).
......
Jabra- Rizk et al. (2006) have shown that farnesol inhibits S. aureus biofilm formation,
thus this fungal quorum-sensing molecule impacts both
Gram-negative and -positive bacteria.
.....
However, biofilm-like growth has also been associated with the most common
Aspergillus infections, including invasive pulmonary aspergillosis and aspergilloma (Loussert et al. 2010).
.........
The ability of the most common Aspergillus species, A. fumigatus,
to form a multicellular community with a surrounding extracellular matrix material has
been shown both in vitro and in vivo (Beauvais et al. 2007; Loussert et al. 2010).
........
Recent analysis also has shown that eDNA accumulates in the matrix of A. fumigatus biofilms
in vitro (Rajendran et al. 2013; Shopova et al. 2013).
........
Compared with in vitro biofilms, in vivo biofilms appeared to
have a higher concentration of the recently identified cell wall polysaccharide galactosaminogalactan
.......
When comparing the aspergillomas of patients with a murine model of invasive
pulmonary aspergillosis, many similarities were noted, including the presence of both matrix
galactomannan and galactosaminogalactan (Loussert et al. 2010)."
Pagina 14:
1-Candida MATRIX AND BIOFILM DRUG RESISTANCE
2-MATRIX eDNA AND DRUG RESISTANCE
3-Aspergillus BIOFILM MATRIX AND DRUG RESISTANCE
Nog iets over biofilm formaties :
http://sciencescript.org/jmp/archives/a ... s-diseases
2014
Jigar V. Desai, Aaron P. Mitchell and David R. Andes
"MULTISPECIES BIOFILMS
One of the most important environmental factors that can modulate fungal biofilm formation and its consequences is the presence of bacteria.
Clinical and experimental data underscore the significance of these interactions, as explained in several excellent recent reviews (Morales and
Hogan 2010; Peleg et al. 2010, 2012a; Harriott and Noverr 2011).
Some of the most dramatic results come from studies with C. albicans and Staphylococcus aureus: coinfection causes much greater mortality than single-species infection in a mouse model (Carlson 1982).
In addition, C. albicans enables S. aureus biofilm formation in serum and decreases its susceptibility to vancomycin
(Harriott and Noverr 2009).
These simple experiments underscore the need to understand polymicrobial interactions to guide diagnosis and therapy.
The distinct properties of mixed-species biofilms arise from both direct cell–cell contact and the impact of secreted molecules.
Among the best-characterized bacterial receptors on C. albicans is the surface adhesin Als3. Jenkinson and colleagues used heterologous expression
to show that Als3 and Eap1 are sufficient to promote binding to the oral bacterium Streptococcus gordonii (Nobbs et al. 2010).
Remarkably,
Als3 is also responsible for C. albicans binding to S. aureus (Peters et al. 2012b).
......
Jabra- Rizk et al. (2006) have shown that farnesol inhibits S. aureus biofilm formation,
thus this fungal quorum-sensing molecule impacts both
Gram-negative and -positive bacteria.
.....
However, biofilm-like growth has also been associated with the most common
Aspergillus infections, including invasive pulmonary aspergillosis and aspergilloma (Loussert et al. 2010).
.........
The ability of the most common Aspergillus species, A. fumigatus,
to form a multicellular community with a surrounding extracellular matrix material has
been shown both in vitro and in vivo (Beauvais et al. 2007; Loussert et al. 2010).
........
Recent analysis also has shown that eDNA accumulates in the matrix of A. fumigatus biofilms
in vitro (Rajendran et al. 2013; Shopova et al. 2013).
........
Compared with in vitro biofilms, in vivo biofilms appeared to
have a higher concentration of the recently identified cell wall polysaccharide galactosaminogalactan
.......
When comparing the aspergillomas of patients with a murine model of invasive
pulmonary aspergillosis, many similarities were noted, including the presence of both matrix
galactomannan and galactosaminogalactan (Loussert et al. 2010)."
Pagina 14:
1-Candida MATRIX AND BIOFILM DRUG RESISTANCE
2-MATRIX eDNA AND DRUG RESISTANCE
3-Aspergillus BIOFILM MATRIX AND DRUG RESISTANCE
Nog iets over biofilm formaties :
http://sciencescript.org/jmp/archives/a ... s-diseases
