Chlamydia Trachomatis (+ bloedtest beperkingen??)

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The FDA Just Approved the First Test for Mycoplasma Genitalium, a Commonly Misdiagnosed STI

Chlamydia isn't always chlamydia.

By Claire Gillespie

Treatment for M. genitalium isn’t necessarily the same as treatment for chlamydia and gonorrhea.

Although there aren’t currently any guidelines for treating an M. genitalium infection specifically, the CDC treatment guidelines recommend standard antibiotics for people with urethritis, cervicitis, and pelvic inflammatory disease. “When M. genitalium is suspected in people with these disease syndromes, the recommended antibiotic is azithromycin,” Manhart says.

However, she continues, resistance to azithromycin has been documented in some people with M. genitalium. In some places, almost 60 percent of those with the infection show resistance. And the other standard antibiotic for these issues, doxycycline, doesn’t work for everyone either.

Bron: self.com, lees meer

Ik vroeg mij af of antibiotica resistentie kan worden veroorzaakt door aanwezige (en ongediagnosticeerde) co-infecties, iemand?

The potential impact of coinfection on antimicrobial chemotherapy and drug resistance

Ruthie B. Birger,#1 Roger D. Kouyos,#2,3 Ted Cohen,4 Emily C. Griffiths,5 Silvie Huijben,6 Michael J. Mina,1,7 Victoriya Volkova,8 Bryan Grenfell,1,9 and C. Jessica E. Metcalf

The impact of HIV coinfection on drug-resistant TB and malaria, on which recent major strides in research have been made, are classic examples of how an immunosuppressive pathogen can exacerbate resistance problems.

For TB, Dye et al. [13] suggest several mechanisms for why HIV coinfection increases the risk of drug resistance, including increased mycobacterial burden [14] (causing an increased risk of de novo resistance mutations), lower fitness thresholds [10] (allowing the spread of resistant strains with low fitness), and reduced drug absorption of anti-TB drugs in the presence of HIV [15] (facilitating selection for partially resistant strains).

For malaria, it has been suggested that an HIV-mediated increase in replication of the malaria parasite promotes de novo resistance [5]. Indeed, an increased prevalence of resistant malaria parasites has been found in HIV-positive versus HIV-negative pregnant women [16]. The mechanisms promoting malaria drug resistance in HIV-coinfected hosts are expected to be similar to those promoting TB drug resistance in HIV–TB infections, but evidence is largely lacking.

Bron: NCBI, lees meer

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Detection of Chlamydia Developmental Forms and Secreted Effectors by Expansion Microscopy

Tobias C. Kunz1†, Ralph Götz2†, Markus Sauer2* and Thomas Rudel1*

Expansion microscopy (ExM) is a novel tool to improve the resolution of fluorescence-based microscopy that has not yet been used to visualize intracellular pathogens. Here we show the expansion of the intracellular pathogen Chlamydia trachomatis, enabling to differentiate its two distinct forms, catabolic active reticulate bodies (RB) and infectious elementary bodies (EB), on a conventional confocal microscope. We show that ExM enables the possibility to precisely locate chlamydial effector proteins, such as CPAF or Cdu1, within and outside of the chlamydial inclusion. Thus, we claim that ExM offers the possibility to address a broad range of questions and may be useful for further research on various intracellular pathogens.

Bron: Frontiersin.org, lees meer

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Association of Chlamydia trachomatis, C. pneumoniae, and IL-6 and IL-8 Gene Alterations With Heart Diseases

Nubia Caroline Costa Almeida1, Maria Alice Freitas Queiroz1, Sandra Souza Lima1, Igor Brasil Costa2, Marco Antonio Ayin Fossa3, Antonio Carlos R. Vallinoto1, Marluísa de Oliveira Guimarães Ishak1 and Ricardo Ishak1*

Although endothelial and cardiac muscle cells may not be common targets for Chlamydia trachomatis infection, this bacterium can reach the circulatory system through infected monocytes and macrophages. Infection of these cells occurs in vitro as evidenced by the presence of intracellular inclusions characteristic of bacterial multiplication (14). Analysis of C. trachomatis primary rRNA has also shown the existence of viable and metabolically active microorganisms inside the inclusions (15, 16).

Although historical studies on the etiology of atherosclerosis focused on C. pneumoniae, our laboratory recently demonstrated (37) the detection of bacterial antigens in situ in the aorta and atheroma plaque (C. pneumoniae) and in the heart valves (C. trachomatis). The present work shows for the first time the amplification of cryptic C. trachomatis plasmid DNA in the aorta and mitral valve samples. Two plasma samples corresponding to cases of DNA amplification showed the presence of IgM antibodies against C. trachomatis, indicating a recent infection in both patients and demonstrating the entrance of the bacterium in the host and the immediate invasion of tissues of the cardiovascular system. However, in one of these samples, immunohistochemistry did not detect bacterial antigens in situ in the aorta, atheroma plaque, or heart valve. Notably, another sample that presented antigens for both species by immunohistochemistry resulted in DNA detection only for C. trachomatis. Despite the differences in cellular tropism, C. pneumoniae, C. trachomatis, and C. pecorum have been associated with endothelial and cardiac muscle infections and have been shown to cause myocarditis in experimental and human models (8, 44, 47).

Although epithelial and muscle cells are not the preferred targets, infected monocytes and macrophages (16) eventually carry C. trachomatis to different regions of the human body and are found in cases of endocarditis (48), in the livers of patients with a history of high and prolonged fever (49), and in patients with myocarditis and a history of prostatitis (46). The present study is the first to demonstrate the presence of C. trachomatis DNA in cardiovascular tissue, which highlights the possibility that the bacterium may also cause disease. This finding indicates a need for further investigations directed toward elucidating the role of C. trachomatis in the pathogenesis of heart disease.

Bron: Frontiersin, lees meer

ILADS_BOSTON_2017-Dr-Lambert (8).pdf

John S Lambert1,2
Mater Misericordiae University Hospital Dublin, Ireland,
1University College Dublin, Ireland2

Chronic Lyme and Co-Infections
including Anaplasma : the Irish
Experience / Chronic Chlamydia and Mycoplasma?

(2.43 MiB) 366 keer gedownload

1282.1.full (1).pdf

The chlamydial cause of heart disease

(62.86 KiB) 350 keer gedownload

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SAMENVATTING_EINDRAPPORT_NVLP_ENQUETE_2016_WEBSITE.pdf

Samenvatting
Eindrapport
NVLP-enquête
behandeltraject
Lyme 2016

(653.94 KiB) 323 keer gedownload

Chlamydia Trachomatis staat hiertussen als mogelijke co-infectie van Lyme

Bron: De Nederlandse Vereniging voor Lyme Patiënten

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Chlamydia trachomatis Infection Induces Replication of Latent HHV-6

Bhupesh K. Prusty, Christine Siegl, [...], and Thomas Rudel

Abstract

Human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6) exists in latent form either as a nuclear episome or integrated into human chromosomes in more than 90% of healthy individuals without causing clinical symptoms. Immunosuppression and stress conditions can reactivate HHV-6 replication, associated with clinical complications and even death. We have previously shown that co-infection of Chlamydia trachomatis and HHV-6 promotes chlamydial persistence and increases viral uptake in an in vitro cell culture model. Here we investigated C. trachomatis-induced HHV-6 activation in cell lines and fresh blood samples from patients having Chromosomally integrated HHV-6 (CiHHV-6). We observed activation of latent HHV-6 DNA replication in CiHHV-6 cell lines and fresh blood cells without formation of viral particles. Interestingly, we detected HHV-6 DNA in blood as well as cervical swabs from C. trachomatis-infected women. Low virus titers correlated with high C. trachomatis load and vice versa, demonstrating a potentially significant interaction of these pathogens in blood cells and in the cervix of infected patients. Our data suggest a thus far underestimated interference of HHV-6 and C. trachomatis with a likely impact on the disease outcome as consequence of co-infection.

Bron: NCBI, lees meer

Chlamydia trachomatis Infection in a Patient with Meningoencephalitis

April 9, 1981

Bron: nejm.org, lees meer

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Biofilm in Genital Ecosystem: A Potential Risk Factor for Chlamydia trachomatis Infection

Simone Filardo et al. Can J Infect Dis Med Microbiol. 2019.

Bron: Pubmed.ncbi., lees meer

Chlamydia trachomatis and Chlamydia pneumoniae
Interaction with the Host: Latest Advances and
Future Prospective

microorganisms-07-00140 (2).pdf

Bron: MDPI

(535.29 KiB) 352 keer gedownload

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Stealth infections and their
detection

Dr.-Schwarzbach-Stealth-Infections-and-their-Detection.pdf

Stealth infections and their
detection

(2.95 MiB) 412 keer gedownload

Crypto-infections: Denial, censorship and suppression - the truth about what lies behind chronic disease (Paperback)

Bron: Waterstones.com, lees meer

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Chronic prostatitis, chlamydia trachomatis and infertility

Jyrki Suominen,Matti Grönroos,Pertti Terho,Lars Wichmann

First published: October 1983

Bron: online library.wiley, lees meer

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Chlamydia Can Cause DNA Damage Linked With Cancer Risk, Study Finds

Bron: HuffPost, lees meer

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Underdiagnosis of Chlamydia trachomatis infection. Diagnostic limitations in patients with low-level infection

J S Lin et al

Bron: Pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov, lees meer